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You can view its age dependency ratio in the chart by switching to India with the “change country” button. Now in 2019, there are 7.7 billion. Currently, 55.7 % of the population of the World is urban (4,299,438,618 people in 2019) Created with Highcharts 8.1.2. This is shown until the year 2100 based on the UN’s population projection.Demographers express the share of the dependent age-groups using a metric called the ‘age dependency ratio’. According to data from World Population Prospects: the … When citing this entry, please also cite the underlying data sources. Represented in this way the population structure of societies with high mortality rates resembled a pyramid – this is how this famous type of visualization got its name.The timing varied significantly between countries – in higher income countries with low fertility rates and longer life expectancies, it has been shifting for decades. Almost 95% of dependents there are young.The demographic dividend from a rapid reductions in fertility rates can provide a major opportunity for accelerated economic growth. And since a smaller share of the younger and older population is typically working these two groups are seen as ‘dependents’ in demographic descriptions.The global average median age was 29.6 years in 2015 – half of the world population were older than 29.6 years, and half were younger. New York, 2020 . The youngest was Niger at 14.9 years.Over the past century, the age structure of populations has been changing dramatically.We are at a turning point in global population history. In South Africa, it’s expected to happen in 2036. Between 1950 and today, it was a widening of the entire pyramid – an increase of the number of children – that was responsible for the increase of the world population. In India, it’s projected to be 2028. From now on is not a widening of the base, but a ‘fill up’ of the population above the base: the number of children will barely increase and then start to decline, but the number of people of working age and old age will increase very substantially. These are the question that this entry focuses on.It’s given as the number of dependents per 100 people of working-age. Here we see that the age dependency ratio in 1970 was almost 80%: a very young demographic. The width represents the size of the population of a given age; women on the right and men to the left. A higher number means there are more ‘dependents’ relative to the working-age population; a lower number means fewer.It is common in demography to split the population into three broad age groups:Median age provides an important single indicator of the age distribution of a population. As we see in the next section, this is the result of having very young populations.As fertility rates continue to decline, it’s expected that the working population as a share of the total population will continue to increase throughout this century.In the darkest blue you see the pyramid that represents the structure of the world population in 1950. But these children and adolescents will move into the working-age bracket soon and share of the productive, working-age population will increase significantly in the coming decades.What is the age structure of the world population and in countries around the world? From an economic perspective, the changing age structure generates very different opportunities and challenges across the spectrum of countries.In these two charts we see the breakdown of age dependency by young and old populations for two contrasting countries: Japan and Nigeria.Through shades of blue and green the same visualization shows the population structure over the last decades up to 2018. In the United States, under-5s were already outnumbered by those older than 64 by 1966. You can explore this data for any country using the “change country” button on the interactive chart.As we see, Japan has a much older population: in 2017, there were more than twice as many above 64 as there were children younger than 15. Two factors are responsible for the pyramid shape in 1950: An increasing number of births broadened the base layer of the population pyramid and a continuously high risk of death throughout life is evident by the pyramid narrowing towards the top.