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There was an error. Also, where animals grazed on the clover and turnip fields, eating the crop, their droppings helped to manure the soil.TWO CENTURIES OF REVOLUTIONARY CHANGEThe innovations in this four year rotation system were turnips and clover. However, this was the first time they had been used in crop rotation. Are all the crops (turnips, barley, clover, wheat) grown at the SAME time at different ares of the field and then they rotate every year? In the 17th century, it was partly new farming techniques which forced land enclosure. Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend by Sir Godfrey Kneller c 1717 . Jethro Tull.
Today's farm machinery allows farmers to cultivate many more acres of land than the machines of yesterday. Inside these nodules are found symbiotic bacteria which feed by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and producing nitrates (nitrogen-containing salts).

Invention: Unknown The second effect was that livestock, which no longer needed to be slaughtered before the winter months, increased in both quantity and quality.The Industrial Revolution IndexViscount Townshend successfully introduced a new method of crop rotation on his farms. John Kay John Kay invented teh flying shuttle. In 1747 he was In return, the peasants swore their allegiance to the landowner and were ready to fight for him in times of conflict. He divided his fields up into four different types of produce with wheat in the first field, clover (or ryegrass) in the second, oats or barley in the third and, in the fourth, turnips or swedes. Clover and ryegrass were grazed by livestock. Each peasant would be allotted about thirty strips (12 hectares). In the United States, George Washington Carver brought his science of crop rotation to the farmers and saved the farming resources of the south. As the profit made from the wool trade increased in the 15th century, more land was enclosed to graze sheep. Charles Townshend (28 August 1725 – 4 September 1767) was a British politician who held various titles in the Charles Townshend, 2nd Viscount Townshend, KG, PC, FRS (/ ˈ t aʊ n z ən d /; 18 April 1674 – 21 June 1738) was an English Whig statesman. Charles Townshend was an English official during the 18th century who served as the secretary of state.In his later years, he came to be known as "Turnip Townshend" for his efforts and enthusiasm towards agricultural propagation. This made it easier to move products without the hassle of the river system. Turnips were not a new crop to English farming because they had been grown in East Anglia for use as cattle feed, fodder for livestock, during the winter months, since the 1660's.

The peasants worked land which had been granted to them by a landowner, often a nobleman. Between 1700 and 1845, 600000 acres (2,4 million hectares) of land was enclosed in England.From medieval times, peasants had used a system of three year strip rotation of crops. Traditionally, wool and woollen products had always been England's major export to Europe. The yield of the crop from the field decreased. Apr 12, 1759. He retired from politics in 1730 and turned his attention to his estate in Norfolk. For example if a crop is growing in the same place, and same soil the soil will loss nutrients.

It allowed for better soil and crops. It also meant that the enclosed field was worked as a complete unit and no longer divided into strips. The turnips were used as fodder to feed livestock in winter. In 1705, England exported 11,5 million quarters of wheat.
Townshend became the 2nd. Charles Townshend Biography, Life, Interesting Facts. The second son of the 3rd Viscount Townshend, he was educated at Cambridge and Leyden. This left many people homeless and with no means of making a living. Enclosed literally meant that a field was surrounded by a fence or a hedge. Every year in December, the peasants would allocate strips of land to each other at a public meeting. Later, during the reign of Henry VIII (1509-1547), monastery land was taken by the king and sold. Plows are not used nearly as extensively as before, due in large part to the popularity of minimum tillage to reduce soil erosion and conserve moisture.The disk harrow today is more often used after harvesting to cut up the grain stubble left in the field. Clover and turnips grown in a field after wheat, barley or oats, naturally replaced nutrients into the soil.