The government of Morocco sets up surveillance systems within the already existing healthcare system to monitor and collect data. 60% of Morocco's tourists visit for its culture and heritage. [27] During the Upper Paleolithic, the Maghreb was more fertile than it is today, resembling a savanna, in contrast to its modern arid landscape. Moroccan literature is written mostly in Arabic, Berber, Hebrew, and French. En effet, au sein de notre agence web au Maroc, nous proposons uniquement des prestations pour lesquelles nous possédons une réelle expertise, une expérience certaine ainsi que des résultats, obtenus dans différents projets et sur de nombreuses années. When, in 429 AD, the area was devastated by the Vandals, the Roman Empire lost its remaining possessions in Mauretania, and local Mauro-Roman kings assumed control of them. [89] There are also persistent allegations of violence against both Sahrawi pro-independence and pro-Polisario demonstrators[90] in Western Sahara; a disputed territory which is occupied by and considered by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. Entre Agadir, ville moderne, et Essaouira, le spot parfait des sports nautiques, le Maroc peut se vanter de posséder de belles stations balnéaires, également d’importants ports de pêche faisant fonctionner l’économie locale et nationale. Moroccan forces occupied the territory.[39]. Political reforms in the 1990s resulted in the establishment of a bicameral legislature in 1997 and Morocco's first opposition-led government came to power in 1998. An extension of the line to Marrakesh is already being planned. Moroccan agricultural production also consists of orange, tomatoes, potatoes, olives, and olive oil. Spanish territory in Northwest Africa neighbouring Morocco comprises five enclaves on the Mediterranean coast: Ceuta, Melilla, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, Peñón de Alhucemas, the Chafarinas islands, and the disputed islet Perejil. Studios were also opened in Rabat. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. [163][162][164][165] It blended influences from Berber culture in North Africa, pre-Islamic Spain (Roman, Byzantine, and Visigothic), and contemporary artistic currents in the Islamic Middle East to elaborate a unique style over centuries with recognizable features such as the "Moorish" arch, riad gardens (courtyard gardens with a symmetrical four-part division), and elaborate geometric and arabesque motifs in wood, stucco, and tilework (notably zellij). Sans doute l’une des plus belles villes impériales du Maroc, celle que les puristes qualifieront de «vraie ville marocaine», avec une ambiance et une architecture authentiques. Its leading institutions include Mohammed V University in Rabat, the country's largest university, with branches in Casablanca and Fès; the Hassan II Agriculture and Veterinary Institute in Rabat, which conducts leading social science research in addition to its agricultural specialties; and Al-Akhawayn University in Ifrane, the first English-language university in Northwest Africa,[186] inaugurated in 1995 with contributions from Saudi Arabia and the United States. From the 11th century onwards, a series of Berber dynasties arose. Tourism is the second largest foreign exchange earner in Morocco after the phosphate industry. Of these foreign-born residents, most were of French origin, followed by individuals mainly from various nations in West Africa and Algeria. As a coastal country with hot and arid climates, environmental impacts are likely to be wide and varied. They are also developing desert tourism in competition with Tunisia. It is served not only at mealtimes but all through the day, and it is especially a drink of hospitality, commonly served whenever there are guests. Morocco has more than four dozen universities, institutes of higher learning, and polytechnics dispersed at urban centres throughout the country. It is one of only three nations (along with Spain and France) to have both Atlantic and Mediterranean coastlines. In 1975, after Spain agreed to decolonise the territory and cede its control to Morocco and Mauritania, a guerrilla war broke out between those powers and some of the local inhabitants. [53] In March 1956 the French protectorate was ended and Morocco regained its independence from France as the "Kingdom of Morocco". The Moroccan government is heavily investing in tourism development, in 2010 the government launched its Vision 2020 which plans to make Morocco one of the top 20 tourist destinations in the world and to double the annual number of international arrivals to 20 million by 2020,[101] with the hope that tourism will then have risen to 20% of GDP. The area of present-day Morocco has been inhabited since at least Paleolithic times, beginning sometime between 190,000 and 90,000 BC. Nuqudy.com (2012-04-12)", "Ain Beni Mathar, Morocco Solar Thermal Power Station Project", "Historique de la culture de cannabis au Maroc d'après l'UNODC", "Mildt – Mission interministérielle de lutte contre la drogue et la toxicomanie", "Population du Maroc par année civile (en milliers et au milieu de l'année) par milieu de résidence : 1960 – 2050", United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "Población extranjera por sexo, país de nacionalidad y edad (hasta 85 y más). Située à l’extrême Est du Maroc tout près de la frontière algérienne, Figuig est une oasis de fraîcheur perdue en plein désert, entourée par les montagnes. The indigenous Berber tribes adopted Islam, but retained their customary laws. Infant mortality has improved significantly since 1960 when there were 144 deaths per 1,000 live births, in 2000, 42 per 1,000 live births, and now it is 20 per 1,000 live births. À la fois traditionnelle et contemporaine, Marrakech séduit par ses multiples facettes. The Baháʼí Faith community, located in urban areas, numbers 350 to 400 persons. Livestock are raised and forests yield cork, cabinet wood, and building materials. The direct exposure to the North Atlantic Ocean, the proximity to mainland Europe and the long stretched Rif and Atlas mountains are the factors of the rather European-like climate in the northern half of the country. Each region possesses its own specificities, thus contributing to the national culture and to the legacy of civilization. Southeast of the Atlas mountains, near the Algerian borders, the climate becomes very dry, with long and hot summers. [190] In data from the World Bank, Morocco experiences high infant mortality rates at 20 deaths per 1,000 births (2017)[191] and high maternal mortality rates at 121 deaths per 100,000 births (2015).[192]. Prime Minister Youssoufi's government was the first ever government drawn primarily from opposition parties, and also represents the first opportunity for a coalition of socialists, left-of-centre, and nationalist parties to be included in the government until October 2002. Among the most famous Moroccan dishes are Couscous, Pastilla (also spelled Bsteeya or Bestilla), Tajine, Tanjia and Harira. [142][143][144][145], The most recent estimates put the size of the Casablanca Jewish community at about 2,500,[146] and the Rabat and Marrakesh Jewish communities at about 100 members each. At higher elevations, the climate becomes alpine in character, and can sustain ski resorts. The Atlas Mountains run down the backbone of the country,[57] from the northeast to the southwest. In contrast to the Sahara region in the south, coastal plains are fertile in the central and northern regions of the country, and comprise the backbone of the country's agriculture, in which 95% of the population live. From the total foreign investments in Morocco, the European Union invests approximately 73.5%, whereas, the Arab world invests only 19.3%. Certaines de ces dunes atteignent jusqu’à 150 mètres de hauteur, et les couleurs vues d’en haut sont saisissantes, en particulier au moment du lever et du coucher de soleil. [122], The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research is supporting research in advanced technologies and the development of innovative cities in Fez, Rabat and Marrakesh. [103][104], Casablanca is the major cruise port in Morocco, and has the best developed market for tourists in Morocco, Marrakech in central Morocco is a popular tourist destination, but is more popular among tourists for one- and two-day excursions that provide a taste of Morocco's history and culture. He is a cautious moderniser who has introduced some economic and social liberalisation.[56]. [138] Despite Moroccans being affiliated with Islam, almost 15% nonetheless describe themselves as non-religious according to a 2019 survey conducted for the BBC by the research network Arab Barometer. In July 2011, the King won a landslide victory in a referendum on a reformed constitution he had proposed to placate the Arab Spring protests. Centre de gestion du Loiret. [184] In September 2006, UNESCO awarded Morocco amongst other countries such as Cuba, Pakistan, India and Turkey the "UNESCO 2006 Literacy Prize".[185]. Une balade dans les ruelles étroites de Chefchaouen nous transporte presque dans un pays imaginaire, entre dépaysement et enchantement. Plus au nord, la Palmeraie est quant à elle propice aux virées en quad ou aux balades à dos de dromadaires. [46] In 1860, a dispute over Spain's Ceuta enclave led Spain to declare war. Most of the visitors to Morocco continue to be European, with French nationals making up almost 20% of all visitors. Algeria borders Morocco to the east and southeast, though the border between the two countries has been closed since 1994. Longue de 7 km, cette grande muraille est percée de neuf portes. [55] Diplomatic relations with Algeria were restored in 1988. Morocco also produces a significant amount of illicit hashish, much of which is shipped to Western Europe. [citation needed] Several Moroccan professional players have competed in international competition, and the country fielded its first Davis Cup team in 1999. Demandez un devis à des experts locaux pour votre voyage, Toutes les infos pour bien acheter votre billet d'avion. The only time this happened was in 1965. Spanish troops had taken the normally uninhabited island after Moroccan soldiers landed on it and set up tents and a flag. Kickboxing is also popular in Morocco. Pour un émerveillement de jour comme de nuit, il est vivement conseillé d’y passer une nuit en bivouac ou à la belle étoile, à contempler la voie lactée. There have been substantial improvements in access to water supply, and to a lesser extent to sanitation, over the past fifteen years. [134], Morocco has a large diaspora, most of which is located in France, which has reportedly over one million Moroccans of up to the third generation. [191] The country's under-five mortality rate dropped by 60% between 1990 and 2011. Interest groups that formed among these elements continually pressured France to increase its control over Morocco – a control which was also made necessary by the continuous wars among Moroccan tribes, part of which had taken sides with the French since the beginning of the conquest. [15] Morocco spans an area of 710,850 km2 (274,460 sq mi) and has a population of over 37 million. This gives Morocco the best infrastructure rankings in the African continent. Villes ceinturées de remparts, elle se dévoilent à travers leurs médinas animées et leurs souks colorés. To learn how to add open license text to Wikipedia articles, please see this how-to page. In 1904, France and Spain carved out zones of influence in Morocco. En partant de Ouarzazate, la vallée du Drâa s’étire sur 200 km en un long croissant fertile au milieu d’une terre aride, où se succèdent villages berbères, fortifications historiques, oasis et palmeraies luxuriantes arrosées de cascades. In 2001, the first International Film Festival of Marrakech (FIFM) was also held in Marrakech. Du côté des emplettes, il y a deux écoles : le marché central traditionnel, ou bien le Morocco Mall, plus grand centre commercial d’Afrique ultra-moderne ! This "Islamic architecture" of Morocco was part of a wider cultural and artistic complex, often referred to as "Moorish" art, which characterized … Mitochondrial DNA studies have discovered a close ancestral link between Berbers and the Saami of Scandinavia. As of the 2019 Climate Change Performance Index, Morocco was ranked second in preparedness behind Sweden. [41][42][43] In the beginning of the American Revolution, American merchant ships in the Atlantic Ocean were subject to attack by the Barbary pirates. In 1944, the Moroccan Cinematographic Center (CCM), the nation's film regulatory agency, was established. In 2010, security forces stormed a protest camp in the Western Sahara, triggering violent demonstrations in the regional capital El Aaiún. [175] The first was the generation that lived and wrote during the Protectorate (1912–56), its most important representative being Mohammed Ben Brahim (1897–1955). [197] Moroccan youths experience a lower self-harm rate than the global index by an average of 4 encounters per year.[197]. [193] The Moroccan Plan was started by the Moroccan Minister of Health, Dr. El Houssaine Louardi, and Dr. Ala Alwan, WHO Regional Director for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, on 13 November 2013 in Rabat. The Parliament's powers, though still relatively limited, were expanded under the 1992 and 1996 and even further in the 2011 constitutional revisions and include budgetary matters, approving bills, questioning ministers, and establishing ad hoc commissions of inquiry to investigate the government's actions. Some of them are descendants of colonial settlers, who primarily work for European multinational companies, while others are married to Moroccans or are retirees. [130], According to the 2014 Morocco population census, there were around 84,000 immigrants in the country. [122], In 2012, the Hassan II Academy of Science and Technology identified a number of sectors where Morocco has a comparative advantage and skilled human capital, including mining, fisheries, food chemistry and new technologies. Tourism is increasingly focused on Morocco's culture, such as its ancient cities. Parmi les lieux incontournables, la vallée de l’Ourika, à proximité de Marrakech, plonge les visiteurs au cœur d’une nature à l’état brute, à la rencontre des tribus berbères. [155], According to a 2012 study by the Government of Spain, 98% of Moroccans spoke Moroccan Arabic, 63% spoke French, 43% Amazigh, 14% spoke English, and 10% spoke Spanish.[156]. [177] The cuisine of Morocco is mainly a fusion of Moorish, European and Mediterranean cuisines. Upon the death of Mohammed V, Hassan II became King of Morocco on 3 March 1961. Mais au-delà des studios de cinéma, Ouarzazate abrite d’importants sites historiques, avec notamment ses nombreuses Kasbahs, sans oublier le large choix d’excursions possibles dans le désert, les vallées verdoyantes et les palmeraies environnantes. Tourism is one of the most important sectors in Moroccan economy. Agadir, Essaouira, El Jadida, and Larache are among the important fishing harbors. [153] Spanish is mostly spoken in northern Morocco and the Spanish Sahara because Spain had previously occupied those areas. The Agadir Crisis of 1911 increased tensions between European powers. Rugby came to Morocco in the early 20th century, mainly by the French who occupied the country. The Polisario rejected the plan and put forward its own proposal. However, these phenomena do not last for more than two to five days on average. After the outbreak of the Berber Revolt in 739, the Berbers formed other independent states such as the Miknasa of Sijilmasa and the Barghawata. Since the constitutional reform of 1996, the bicameral legislature consists of two chambers. Vous êtes à la recherche d'une offre d'emploi pour jeunes diplômés ou d'un premier emploi ? [91], Homosexual acts as well as pre-marital sex are illegal in Morocco, and can be punishable by six months to three years of imprisonment. Morocco was one of the continent's pioneers in basketball as it established one of Africa's first competitive leagues. To examine the abuses committed during the reign of King Hassan II (1961–1999), the government has set up an Equity and Reconciliation Commission (IER). Government reforms and steady yearly growth in the region of 4–5% from 2000 to 2007, including 4.9% year-on-year growth in 2003–2007 helped the Moroccan economy to become much more robust compared to a few years earlier. [141] Mass education in hygiene is implemented in primary education schools which are free for residents of Morocco.